The Pueblo Revolt occured in New Mexico (Stewart) mainly in the "upper Rio Grande basin north of El Paso" (The Great Pueblo Revolt), and included the pueblos of numerous Indian tribes, (The Great Pueblo Revolt) which had been permanent settlements there for a long time. (Brinkley)

It occured from 1680 to 1696 (Stewart), once the Indians had recovered from the drought that occured during the 1660s and 1670s and were strong enough to revolt (The Great Pueblo Revolt).

The Pueblo Revolt was led by Popé, the Tewa Indian religious leader of the San Juan Pueblo (Stewart) and who was a great leader. (The Great Pueblo Revolt)

The revolt itself occured on August 10, in the spring of 1680 (WHS), and pinned the Spanish against the united tribes of the "Taos, Tewa, Tiwa, Hopi, Zuni, ... Apache" and other Indians, who all rose up against the Spanish together as one formidable enemy (The Great Pueblo Revolt) comprised of more than seventy communities and twenty four pueblos. (WHS)

They revolted because the proportionally small amount of Spaniards left in charge of New Mexico had been passionately and violently attempting to eliminate "pagan beliefs and ceremonies", which were basically the foundation of the Indians' way of life (Stewart), and replace them with Christianity. (WHS)  The Spaniards destroyed their "traditional centers of worship" and objects that were central in their religious ceremonies.  Any natives brave enough to try and resist were brutally supressed and punished severely. (WHS)

The Indians were successful (The Great Pueblo Revolt), they "sacked and burned the colonial headquarters in Santa Fe" (WHS), and destroyed the Spanish missions and "killed about 400 Spaniards" (Stewart).  Among those four hundred, they ended up killing about two-thirds of the Catholic priests living in that region. (WHS)  Those few Spanish who escaped fled to Santa Fe, but were besieged by an armed army of Indians. The Spaniards escaped after a few days and fled to El Paso, south of Santa Fe. (The Great Pueblo Revolt)

The Indians' success in the Pueblo Revolt ensured that New Mexico was free from Spanish rule for the next twelve years. However, Popé, who had been holding the tribes unity together, died (The Great Pueblo Revolt), and by 1692, the alliance had crumbled (Stewart). The pueblos' enemies attacked them and were very destructive, now that the pueblos had no Spanish protection. Later, a new Spanish governor was given control of the land, and he began to reconquer the pueblos. (The Great Pueblo Revolt)

This conflict helped to separate New Mexico from Spanish Mexico, which would lead to New Mexico being an American state, and not an extension of Mexico.  This was the "single most successful act of resistance by Native Americans against a European invader", news of which must have spread to other Indian tribes in America, fueling them with ideas and passion that would encourage them to revolt against their own European invaders (WHS).  It also encouraged religious tolerance, which would become a central part of American identity.